Stoller M.L., Meng M.V. Urinary Stone Disease: The Practical Guide to Medical and Surgical Management

Humana Press Inc., 2007. - 684 p.Urinary stone disease has afflicted mankind for centuries and continues to be a significant medical ailment throughout the world. Contemporary management reflects the changes and evolution that have occurred in both medicine and, specifically, urology. Traditional open surgery has been nearly replaced by minimally invasive techniques, the result of technologic innovations, miniaturization of instruments, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Nevertheless, nephrolithiasis remains a chronic disease and our fundamental understanding of the pathogenesis, and molecular and genetic basis of stones as well as their prevention, remains rudimentary. All large calculi were once small calculi. Where do stones originate and what facilitates their retention, allowing them to grow? Although we rely on 24-hour urinary collections, clearly our current methods of directing medical therapy have limitations. In addition, interest in disease prevention continues to grow and understanding basic questions and the underlying pathophysiology of stone disease will help optimize management strategies.
Future advances in urinary stone disease will be the result of collaboration among urologists, nephrologists, radiologists, dieticians, scientists, and partners in industry. Physicians must not be complacent with the current status quo or be overly eager to intervene because techniques are less invasive; rather, the goals should be a better understanding of the underlying disease process in order to identify those at risk, prophylax against stone development and recurrence, and improved nonsurgical therapies.
Urinary Stone Disease: The Practical Guide to Medical and Surgical Management puts together our contemporary views on the development, treatment, and prevention of urinary stone disease. We hope that the book helps improve the current care of patients but more importantly highlights areas of potential research and inspires novel approaches that will ease the burden of this disease.Contents
Background
Stone Nomenclature and History of Instrumentation for Urinary Stone Disease
Epidemiology and Incidence of Stone Disease
The Genetics of Stone Disease
Theories of Stone Formation
Structure and Compositional Analysis of Kidney Stones
Metabolism
Calcium
Oxalate
Renal Acid-Base Balance and Renal Tubular Acidosis
Urinary Stone Inhibitors: Citrate and Magnesium
Modulators of Crystallization of Stone Salts
Hormonal Influences on Nephrolithiasis
Associated Systemic Disease
Medical Evaluation of Stone Disease
Pharmacologic Prophylaxis of Calcium Stones
Diet and Urolithiasis
Uric Acid Urolithiasis
Struvite Stones
Cystine Stone Disease
Urinary Stones of Unusual Etiology
Presentation and Evaluation
Imaging of Urinary Stone Disease
Physician Safety
Treatment of Acute Renal Colic
Anatomical Considerations in Urinary Stone Disease
Treatment
Conservative Management of Ureteral Calculi
Ureteral Stents
Anesthetic Considerations
Complications of Urinary Stone Surgery
Shock Wave Lithotripsy - Indications and Outcomes
Shock Wave Lithotripsy - Technical Aspects
Ureteroscopy - Indications and Outcomes
Ureteroscopy - Technical Aspects
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy - Indications and Outcomes
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy - Technical Aspects
Open Stone Surgery
Laparoscopic Approach to Urinary Stone Disease
Stones of the Urethra, Prostate, Seminal Vesicle, Bladder and Encrusted Foreign Bodies