Round G.F. Incompressible Flow Turbomachines: Design, Selection, Applications, and Theory

Butterworth-Heinemann, 2004. 341 p. — ISBN 0750676035.The primary purpose of this book is to provide an integrated overview of incompressible flow turbomachines and their design, in this case pumps and turbines. Theory and empirical knowledge of turbomachines are brought together in detail to form a framework for a basic understanding of this complex subject. A step-by-step approach is used by means of solved problems at the end of each chapter to accomplish this
Presents a clear overview of incompressible flow turbomachines
Treats both types of turbomachines in one text
ncludes a large number of illustative solved problemsNomenclature
Dimensions of Fluid Mechanics Quantities
Units
Fundamental DefinitionsHistorical Background and Present State of Development, Greek and Roman MachinesThe Middle Ages
The Renaissance
The Post Renaissance
The Nineteenth Century to the Present
General Classification of Rotodynamic Turbines and Pumps
Theoretical LimitationsTheory of TurbomachinesEquations Governing the Behavior of Turbomachines
Continuity Equation
Linear Momentum Theorem
Angular Momentum Equation
Euler Turbine Equation
Bernoulli Equation
Example: Use of Bernoulli Equation for Radial Flow
The Energy EquationSimilarity
Dimensional Analysis
Restrictions on Similarity Applications
Dimensionless Groups and Specific Speed
Scaling Discrepancies
Graphical Correlations for Specific Speed
General Geometry of Rotational, Radial, and Axial Flows
Circulation, Free Vortex Flow, and the Kutta-Joukowski Theorem
Forces Acting on an Axial-flow Turbine and Axial-flow Pump Blade
Stream Function and Streamlines
Velocity Potential
Superposition of Streamlines
Axisymmetric Flows and Stokes’s Stream Function
Meridional Streamlines and Velocities
Effects of Friction on Flows through Turbomachines
Solved ProblemsTurbinesClassification of Turbines
General Operating Conditions
mpulse Turbines-Pelton Wheels
Speed Factor, F
Specific Speed of Pelton Wheels
Nozzles
Jet Force on Runner
Arrangement of Nozzles and Size of Jets
Jet Velocity and Diameter
Runner
Turgo Wheels
Radial-Flow Turbines-Francis Turbines
Choice of Turbine Speed
Effect of Gate Opening
Axial-flow Turbines-Propeller and Kaplan Turbines
Combinator
Effects of Rotor and Guide-vane Angle
Selection of Speed and Runner Dimensions
Other Turbines
Pump Turbines
Deriaz Turbine
Bulb Turbine
Banki Turbine
Michell Turbine
Control and Governing of Turbines
Function of a Governor
Equations for Load Changes
Governors
Relief Valves
Solved ProblemsPumpsTheoretical Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps
Classification of Rotary Pumps
Radial-flow Pumps
Geometry
Power
Theoretical Head
Energy Losses
Head Losses
Leakage Losses
Disk Friction Loss
Mechanical Losses
Specific Speed and Impeller Geometry
Modeling of Flow through an Impeller
Axisymmetric Flow
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
Slip Factors
Effect of Blade Number, Outlet Blade Angle, and Circulation in Blade Passages
Choice of Blade Number and Blade Overlap
Energy Recovery
Examples of Radial-flow Pumps
nstallation of a Typical Centrifugal Pump
Special-purpose Radial-flow Pumps
Mixed-flow Pumps-Diagonal Impeller Pumps
Axial and Semiaxial Pumps
Unbounded Axial Impellers or Propellers
Pump Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps
Single Centrifugal Pumps-Radial- and Mixed-flow Impellers
Effect of Fluid Properties
Series and Parallel Connections
Multistage Centrifugal Pumps
Displacement Rotary Pumps
ane Pumps
Peristaltic Pump
Lobe Pumps
RVP Pump
Water Ring Pumps
Flow Control
Throttling of the Flow at Inlet or Outlet
Pump Disconnection
Regulated Flow Bypass
Speed Regulation
Impeller Blade Adjustment
Inlet Guide-vane Adjustment
Air Locking
Automatic Priming
Fluid Couplings
Solved ProblemsSome Aspects of DesignGeneral Remarks
Application to Flow
Axial-flow Design
Axial and Radial Thrusts in Pumps and Turbines
Axial
Closed Single-entry Centrifugal Impellers
Multistage Balancing of Single-entry Stages
Radial
Critical Speeds
Lateral Critical Speed of an Unbalanced Simple Rotor
Multiple Disks
Use of Singularity Functions
Solution by Numerical Integration
Torsional Critical Speed
Seals
Cooling Seals
Glands
Solved ProblemsDesign of Impellers and Runners of Single and Double CurvatureGeneral Remarks on Design of Runners and Impellers
Single-Curvature Design
Meridional Velocities, Inlet Diameter, and Inlet Angle
Tip Impeller Velocity, u₂, and Outlet Diameter, d₂
Inlet Areas and ImpellerWidths
Dimension Calculations, Continuity Adjustments
Example of Design-Blade of Single Curvature
Design of Blades of Double Curvature
Impeller Blades with Double Curvature
Design of Double-curvature Blades by Conformal MappingInlet and Outlet ElementsInlet Elements of Turbines
Surge Tanks
Basic Equations for Differential Surge Tanks
Instability of the Surge Tank
Inlet Elements of Pumps
Outlet Elements of Turbines
Draft Tubes
Outlet Elements of Pumps
Volute Design
elocity Distributions in Different Volute Cross Sections
Design of a Volute
Relation between Volute Velocity and Specific Speed
Solved ProblemHead Losses in Components of Turbine and Pump SystemsPipes
Friction Factor
Hydraulic Diameter
Losses through Other Elements
Discharge, Velocity, and Contraction Coefficients
Nozzle Loss
Fittings, Valves, and JointsExpansions and Contractions
Losses in Pipe Branches
Total Frictional Loss in a Pipe System
Solved ProblemsCavitationCauses of Cavitation and Parts Affected
Methods of Detecting Cavitation
Cavitation in Turbines
Thoma Number, s
Cavitation in Pumps
Cavitation and Specific Speed
Determination of Limits of Cavitation
Limitations of Similarity Laws
Methods of Prevention of Cavitation
Conclusions about CavitationWater HammerEquations DescribingWave Generation and Propagation
Valve Opening or Closure Position as a Function of Time
Graphical Solution
OtherWave Reflections
Reflection at the Closed End of a Pipe
Effect of Change of Area Cross Section
Junctions and Branches
Pump Failure
Solved ProblemsCorrosionThermodynamics of the Corrosion Process
Corrosion of Iron and Steel
Effect of Temperature
Effect of pH
Action of Anaerobic Bacteria
Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
Corrosion Resistance of Steel Alloys
Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue
Galvanic or Bimetallic Corrosion
Cathodic Protection
Sacrificial Anodes
Protection and Overprotection
Effect of Flow Rate of the Environmental FluidAppendicesEquations
Specific Gravity and Viscosity ofWater at Atmospheric Pressure
Vapor Pressure Chart for Various Liquids
Densities of Various Liquids
Mathematical and Physical Constants
Conversion Factors
Beam Formulas and Figures
Charts for Flows through Fittings
Friction Factor: Reynolds Number Chart (Moody Diagram)
alues of Pipe Roughness, ε for Various Materials
Characteristic Values ofWater in the Saturation States