Wagner S., Bareiss R., Guidati G. Wind Turbine Noise

Springer, 1996. — ISBN 3-540-60592-4, ISBN 0-387-60592-4.The purpose of this book is to give an overview of state-of-the-art knowledge in the field of wind turbine noise. Chapter 1 starts with a survey of the current situation of wind energy in Europe. The advantages of wind energy are discussed together with the hindrances to promote this technology. Chapter 2 introduces general definitions that are used for describing noise and its effect on people. Chapter 3 contains an introduction to the theory of aerodynamic noise generation. Special emphasis is put on the topics which are relevant for wind turbine noise, mainly noise from turbulence Lighthill's acoustic analogy) and its interaction with solid surfaces.
In Chapter 4, the mechanisms that create noise on wind turbine blades are explained. The importance of the different mechanisms is discussed and the main influencing factors are outlined. Chapter 5 gives an overview of the different approaches to noise prediction. This includes simple rules of thumb which can be used for an overall estimate of the noise level and more sophisticated models which consider details of the flow around a blade section. It becomes clear that a prediction model which can be used to design low-noise airfoils is not available at the moment. However, follow-up work in the framework of JOULE III projects (see Chapter 9) is directed towards this aim. The possibilities and limitations of noise propagation methods are described in Chapter
6. Recent advances in this field are included as well. Chapter 7 gives an introduction to the techniques for noise measurements on wind turbines and in the wind tunnel. Furthermore, the possibilities of flow
visualization on wind turbine blades are tackled.