Palman E., Newton C.W. Atmospheric Circulation Systems: Their Structure and Physical Interpretation

International Geophysics Series, 1969, Volume 13. Academic Press, New York, London, 1969. – 622 pp.
The objective of this book is to describe the essential nature of the principal circulation systems in the atmosphere, as they appear in light of our present knowledge. We have limited our discussion to the "lower atmosphere," roughly below the 100-mb surface. R. A. Craig, in his volume "The Upper Atmosphere," in this same series, has given a thorough treatment of the layers higher up. However, we also adopted this limitation because we wanted to discuss the processes most directly responsible for weather and chmatological phenomena in the most ordinary sense. It is not yet clear how much these phenomena are influenced by processes in the upper atmosphere; while there are certainly connections, it is established that the main driving mechanisms for the lower atmosphere are in the lower atmosphere itself.List of Symbols.
The Mean Structure of the Atmosphere, and the Maintenance of the General Circulation in the Northern Hemisphere.
Heat Balance of the Earth's Atmosphere, and the Meridional and Vertical Transfer of Energy.
Seasonal and Zonal Variations of the Mean Atmospheric Structure and Flow Patterns.
Principal Air Masses and Fronts, Jet Streams, and Tropopauses.
The Polar-Front Theory and the Beginnings of Synoptic Aerology.
Extratropical Disturbances in Relation to the Upper Waves.
Thermal Structure of Fronts and Corresponding Wind Field
Principal Tropospheric Jet Streams.
Frontogenesis and Related Circulations.
Three-Dimensional Flow Patterns in Extratropical Disturbances.
Development of Extratropical Cyclones.
Weather in Relation to Disturbances.
Organized Convective Systems in Middle Latitudes.
Circulation and Disturbances of the Tropics.
Tropical Cyclones, Hurricanes, and Typhoons.
Energy Conversions in Atmospheric Circulation Systems.
Summary of the Atmospheric Circulation Processes.
Author Index. Subject Index.