Dieing T., Hollricher O., Toporski J. Springer series in optical sciences 158. Confocal Raman Microscopy

Springer, 2011. - 304 p. - ISBN: 78-3-642-12521-8.
The goal of this book is to provide the best possible overview of the theoretical and practical facts and issues associated with confocal Raman microscopy. With the incorporation of over a dozen contributions from expert scientists and research groups spanning a wide range of applications in academic research as well as industry-driven research and development, this first edition of confocal Raman microscopy provides a comprehensive frame of reference for anyone involved in research employing confocal Raman microscopy.High-Resolution Optical and Confocal Microscopy
Olaf Hollricher and Wolfram Ibachntroduction to Theoretical Considerations in High-Resolution
Microscopy
ntroduction to Confocal Microscopy
Electromagnetic Scattering in Optical Systems
D-Intensity Distribution in the Focus
Large Aperture Angles
Transition to Small Aperture Angles
Theory of Image Formation
Microscope
Confocal Microscope
Confocal Raman Microscope
Image Formation for Light Scattering
Scattering Point
Reflection at a Mirror
Image Formation for Raman Scattering
Raman Emitting Point
Raman Emission of a Layer
Pinhole SizeIntroduction to the Fundamentals of Raman Spectroscopy
Benjamin Dietzek, Dana Cialla, Michael Schmitt, and Jürgen PoppClassical Picture of Light Scattering
Frequency Dependence of Raman Scattering
Classical Selection Rule and Comparison to IR
Absorption
Scattered Raman Intensity
Shortfalls of the Classical Picture
Raman Cross-Section Enhancement Mechanisms
Resonant Raman Scattering
Advantages and Applications of Resonance
Raman Scattering
Surface-Enhanced Raman ScatteringRaman Instrumentation for Confocal Raman Microscopy
Olaf HollricherThe Development of Raman Microscopes
Confocality
Throughput of a Confocal Raman Microscope
Laser Wavelength
Excitation Power
Objective
Microscope Throughput
Coupling Between Microscope and Spectrometer
Spectrometer Throughput
Gratings
CCD DetectorSoftware Requirements and Data Analysis in Confocal Raman Microscopy
Thomas Dieing and Wolfram IbachRequirements for Data Acquisition Software
Data Acquisition
Correlation of Spatial and Spectral Data
Description of the Data Sets Acquired in Confocal
Raman Microscopy
Pre-processing of Raman Spectra
Cosmic Ray Removal
Smoothing
Background Substraction and Subtraction of Reference Spectra
Image Generation
Univariate Image Generation
Multivariate Image Generation
Image Masks and Selective Average Calculation
Combination of Single Spectra with Multi-spectral Data Sets
Basis Spectra
Fitting Procedure
Combination of Various Images
The Law of Numbers
Materials and MethodsNano-spectroscopy of Individual Carbon Nanotubes and Isolated Graphene Sheets
Alain JungenIndividual Carbon Nanotubes
Phonons
Theory
Experiment
Microscopy
Thermography
Isolated Graphene Sheets
Theory
Experiment
Charge DistributionsRaman Spectroscopy and Confocal Raman Imaging in Mineralogy and Petrography
Marc Fries and Andrew SteeleRaman Spectroscopy and Imaging as a Mineralogy/Petrography Tool
Working with Thin Sections
Control of Laser Power
Raman Mineralogy Using Imaging Raman Techniques
Mineral Phase Imaging
Crystallographic Orientation Imaging
Phase Composition Imaging
Examples of Raman Petrography Applications
Raman Analysis of Shocked Minerals
Contextual Imaging of Carbonaceous Materials
Fluid Inclusions
Ancient Terrestrial Carbonaceous Materials
Raman Mineralogy in Field Geology Studies
Extraterrestrial ExplorationRaman Micro-spectral Imaging of Cells and Intracellular Drug Delivery Using Nanocarrier Systems
Christian Matthäus, Tatyana Chernenko, Luis Quintero, Miloš Miljkovi´c, Lara Milane, Amit Kale, Mansoor Amiji, Vladimir Torchilin, and Max DiemMethod
Data Acquisition
ntroduction to Data Processing Methods
Experimental
Results
Cell Imaging
Drug Delivery Systems
DiscussionConfocal Raman Microscopy in Pharmaceutical Development
Thomas F. Haefele and Kurt Paulusbrational Spectroscopy in Pharmaceutical
Development
Imaging in Pharmaceutical Development
Chemical Imaging in Pharmaceutical Development
Confocal Raman Microscopy in Pharmaceutical
Development
Applications of Confocal Raman Microscopy in Pharmaceutical
Development
Practical Considerations
Investigation of Solid Dosage Forms by Chemical Imaging
Conclusions
Materials and MethodsCharacterization of Therapeutic Coatings on Medical Devices
Klaus WormuthBackground
Passive Therapeutic Coatings
Coating Thickness
Swelling of Hydrophilic Gel Coatings
Active Therapeutic Coatings
Coating Morphology
Drug Mixed with Single Polymer: Morphology and Elution
Drug Mixed with Two Polymers: Blending and Layering
Drug Mixed with Two Polymers: Exposure to Water
Drug Mixed with Biodegradable Polymer: Drug Elution with Polymer DegradationRaman Imaging of Plant Cell Walls
Notburga GierlingerPlant Cell Walls
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Plant Fibers
Plant Cell Wall Imaging by Confocal Raman Microscopy
Imaging Cellulose Orientation and Lignin Distribution In Wooden Cell Walls
Silica and Cell Wall Composition in Horsetail (E. hyemale)
Outlook
Material and MethodsConfocal Raman Imaging of Polymeric Materials
Ute Schmidt, Jörg Müller, and Joachim KoenenRaman Imaging of Isotactic Polypropylene (iPP)
Raman Imaging of Polymer Blends
Raman Imaging of Thin Films of the Polymer Blend
Polystyrene (PS)- Ethyl-Hexyl-Acrylate (EHA)
Raman Imaging of Thin Films of the Polymer
Blend Ethyl-Hexyl-Acrylate (EHA)-Styrene-Butadiene
Rubber (SBR)
Raman Imaging of Thin Films of the Polymer Blend
PS-EHA-SBR
Polymer Coatings
Acrylic Paints
Adhesives
Additives in Polymer MatricesStress Analysis by Means of Raman Microscopy
Thomas Wermelinger and Ralph SpolenakTheoretical Background
Measuring in Conventional Back-Scattering
Configuration
Off-Axis Raman Spectroscopy
Stress Tensor Analysis in Back-Scattering
Raman Microscopy
Case Studies
D Raman Spectroscopy Measurements ZnO
The Influence of Stress on the Peak Position of Polymers
Discussion